Henry VIII built the artillery fort known as St Mawes Castle in the Falmout

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08-Apr-2025 03 am

Henry VIII built the artillery fort known as St Mawes Castle in the Falmouth, Cornwall area between 1540 and 1542. It protected the Carrick Roads waterway at the mouth of the River Fal and was a component of the Kings Device program, which aimed to prevent invasion by France and the Holy Roman Empire. Under leadership of Thomas Treffry, the castle was constructed in the shape of a clover leaf, featuring three round, projecting bastions that served as gun platforms and a four-story central tower. Working in tandem with its sister castle, Pendennis, across the river, it was first equipped with 19 pieces of artillery to combat enemy vessels. St Mawes was occupied by Royalist troops of King Charles I during the English Civil War, but in the latter stages of the fight, it fell to a Parliamentary army in 1646. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the castle remained in service as a fort. The fortification was reconstructed in the early 1850s as a result of advances in military technology and concerns of a new war with France. The old Henrician fortress was converted into a barracks, and large gun batteries with the newest naval artillery were built underneath it. New, quick-firing guns were placed at St Mawes to reinforce these defenses, and in the 1880s and 1890s, an electrically powered minefield was built across the River Fal, operated from St Mawes and Pendennis. However, weapons of St. Mawes were taken out after 1905, and the state operated it as a tourist destination from 1920 to 1939. In order to protect the castle from the possibility of a German invasion, naval artillery and an anti-aircraft cannon were reintroduced during World War II. After the war ended, St. Mawes was once more used as a tourist destination. English Heritage is in charge of running the castle in the twenty-first century. The castle is a Grade I listed building and a scheduled monument. #History #Architecture #Castles

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