Located in the English county of East Sussex, Pevensey Castle is a medieval castle and the site of a previous Roman Saxon Shore fort. The location is accessible to the public and is a scheduled monument under the care of English Heritage. The fort, known to the Romans as Anderitum, was constructed in 290 AD and seems to have served as the home base for a fleet known as the Classis Anderidaensis. Though it has long been believed that Anderitum and the other Saxon Shore forts were part of a Roman defensive system to protect the British and Gallic coasts from Saxon pirates, it has recently been proposed that a usurper constructed them in an ultimately futile attempt to stop Rome from reimposing its rule over Britain. After the Roman occupation ended, Anderitum fell into ruin, but the Normans took it back in 1066 and used it as a crucial strategic barrier. The Roman walls contained a stone keep and fortification that was subject to multiple sieges. It was never successfully stormed, but twice its garrison was starved into surrender. With the potential exception of the early 13th century, when it was slighted during the First Barons War, the castle was occupied more or less constantly until the 16th century. By the late 16th century, it had once more been abandoned, and until the state purchased it in 1925, it was a dilapidated, partially overgrown ruin. During World War II, from 1940 until 1945, Pevensey Castle was once again occupied by the Home Guard, the British and Canadian armies, and the US Army Air Corps forces. In order to maintain control over the level terrain surrounding Pevensey and prevent a German invasion, machine-gun stations were incorporated into the Roman and medieval walls. After the war, they remained in situ and are still visible today. The southern region of England is home to numerous Norman castles, including Pevensey. #History#Architecture#Castles
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