Located roughly two miles southeast of Penrith in Cumbria, England, is the

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02-Mar-2025 06 pm

Located roughly two miles southeast of Penrith in Cumbria, England, is the medieval structure known as Brougham Castle. Robert I de Vieuxpont established the castle in the beginning of the thirteenth century. The location, close to the meeting point of the Eamont and Lowther rivers, was selected by the Romans for the construction of a Roman fort known as Brocavum. Together with the fort, the castle is a scheduled monument. The original design of the castle had a stone keep, surrounded by a timber palisade and an earthen bank. One of the few lords in the area who supported King John at the time the castle was constructed was Robert de Vieuxpont. The castles of Appleby and Brough were owned by the Vieuxponts, a wealthy landowner family in North West England. Henry III confiscated the property of grandson of Robert de Vieuxpont, Robert, after he was found to be a traitor in 1264. Eventually, Brougham Castle and the surrounding estates were given back to the Vieuxpont family, who held them until 1269, when they were married off to the Clifford family. In 1296, Robert Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford, used Brougham as a key military stronghold when the Wars of Scottish Independence broke out. He started strengthening the castle by adding a massive stone gatehouse and replacing the wooden outer defenses with stronger, more spectacular stone walls. Brougham and Robert Clifford were so important that he received King Edward I of England at the castle in 1300. After Roger Clifford, son of Robert, was put to death in 1322 for being a traitor, the family-estates were given to King Edward II of England, although they were later given back to his son, Edward III. The castle was taken and looted in 1388, and the area was frequently threatened by the Scots. The Cliffords then started to spend more time in their other castles, especially Skipton Castle in North Yorkshire. Through multiple generations of Cliffords, Brougham was used as a place of residence on and off. In the 1930s, the castle was turned over to the Ministry of Works, and English Heritage, its successor, is currently in charge of maintaining it. #History #Architecture #Castles

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