About 15 miles west of Salisbury, in the English county of Wiltshire, Wardo

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17-Oct-2024 02 am

About 15 miles west of Salisbury, in the English county of Wiltshire, Wardour Castle, also known as Old Wardour Castle, is a ruined 14th-century castle located in Wardour, on the borders of the civil parishes of Tisbury and Donhead St Andrew. Constructed in the 1390s, the castle was acquired by the Arundell family in the 16th century, and the Civil War left it unusable in 1643 and 1644. Open to the public and overseen by English Heritage, the building is a Grade I listed structure. The St Martin family owned the land on which the castle was erected in the 1300s until Sir Lawrence de St Martin passed away in 1385. John, the fifth Baron Lovell, bought the land later that year. King Richard II gave Baron Lovell permission to construct a castle there in 1392 or 1393. William Wynford was the master mason and Tisbury greensand, which was quarried nearby, was used in its construction. Although the shape is exclusive to Britain, it was influenced by the hexagonal castles that were popular at the time around the Continent, especially in France. It was also the first in Britain at the time to have multiple independent guest suites. The castle was seized in 1461 following the downfall of the Lovell family for their support of the Lancastrian cause during the Wars of the Roses. It was owned by a number of people before Sir Thomas Arundell of Lanherne purchased it in 1544. The main branches of the illustrious and long-standing Arundell family were based in the manors of Lanherne, Trerice, Tolverne, and Menadarva in Cornwall. The family had multiple Wiltshire estates. Following the execution of Sir Thomas Arundell, a staunch Roman Catholic, in 1552 for treason, the castle was seized. However in 1570, his son Sir Matthew Arundell, a later Sheriff and Custos Rotulorum of Dorset, purchased the castle back. Arundell built classical gateways, niches, and expanded windows, among other major architectural changes to the castle. Since 1578 is the year engraved above the door, the work was probably finished by then. Under the leadership of Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, the Arundell family went on to become one of the most prominent Roman Catholic landowners in England during the Reformation, and they were unavoidably loyal to the Royalist cause during the Civil War. During the war Thomas Arundell, 2nd Baron Arundell of Wardour, had given his 61-year-old wife, Lady Blanche Arundell, instructions to defend the castle with a garrison of 25 skilled fighting men while he was away from home on business of the King. Along with 1,300 soldiers from the Parliamentarian army, Sir Edward Hungerford requested permission to search for the Royalists on May 2, 1643. Refused, he lay siege and positioned explosives and firearms all about the walls. Five days later, total devastation of the fortress loomed. Colonel Edmund Ludlow was given leadership of the castle after Lady Arundell consented to a surrender. Henry 3rd Lord Arundell, the son of Thomas and Blanche, led a Royalist force to retake the castle after Lord Arundell passed away from his wounds sustained in the Battle of Stratton that same month. After blockading Wardour by November 1643 and blasting through most of the walls, he forced the Parliamentary garrison to surrender in March 1644. Through the English Commonwealth and the Glorious Revolution, the family gradually regained power until the eighth Baron, Henry Arundell, borrowed enough money to pay for the reconstruction. This was completed by renowned Palladian architect James Paine, who left Wardour Old Castle as a decorative element and constructed New Wardour Castle a little ways to the northwest. #History #Architecture #Castles

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