The town of Launceston, Cornwall, England, is home to Launceston Castle. It

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17-Sep-2024 07 pm

The town of Launceston, Cornwall, England, is home to Launceston Castle. It was once a timber castle with an earthwork and a massive motte in one corner, most likely constructed after 1068 by Robert the Count of Mortain. Nestled within the walls of its bailey, Launceston Castle served as the administrative hub of the newly constituted earldom of Cornwall, housing a sizable populace. After being extensively altered by Richard of Cornwall after 1227, it was once again erected in stone during the 12th century. Richard added a tall tower to provide guests with a view of his surrounding territories. The deterioration of the castle began when Edmund, son of Richard, transferred the seat of government of earldom to Lostwithiel upon inheriting the castle. By 1337, the castle was falling into ruin and was mainly used as a prison and venue for court assizes. During the Prayer Book Rebellion in 1549, the rebels took control of the fortress, and in the 17th century, the Royalists garrisoned it during the English Civil War. It was mostly left uninhabitable at the end of the Civil War after its building materials were taken away. In the middle of the bailey was a small jail that was also used for executions. Eventually, the castle was converted into county jail of Cornwall, but it received harsh criticism for the way it treated its prisoners and provided subpar amenities, leading to the moniker Castle Terrible. The castle was turned into a park by the Duke of Northumberland when the last inmates were transferred to Bodmin Gaol in 1842 and the property was closed. The location was occupied by US Army personnel during World War II and afterwards served as offices for the Air Ministry. In 1956, the ministry vacates the castle, and it is once again open to the public. Launceston is a tourist destination run by English Heritage and owned by the duchy of Cornwall in the twenty-first century. The motte, keep, and tall tower that overlook the former deer park of the castle to the south are among the many castle defenses that still stand. Researchers have discovered the foundations of several bailey buildings, including the great hall, and have preserved the gatehouses and a portion of the curtain wall. #History #Architecture #Castles

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