In Carinthia, Austria, Niederfalkenstein Castle is a medieval stronghold cl

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05-Oct-2024 07 pm

In Carinthia, Austria, Niederfalkenstein Castle is a medieval stronghold close to Obervellach. It is a part of the greater Falkenstein fortification complex. The lower barbican of Niederfalkenstein is mostly intact, but main stronghold of Oberfalkenstein is now a ruin. Situated on a rocky peninsula overlooking the Möll river east of Obervellach, the fortification was built on the southwestern slopes of the Reisseck Group in the Hohe Tauern mountain range. 843 meters above sea level is the elevation of Niederfalkenstein. A deed from 1164 refers to the fortification as Valchenstain Castle. In terms of a Romance settlement, the name might have originated from Proto-Germanic walhaz, denoting the descendants of the former Roman city of Teurnia who had moved to the isolated valley during the Slavic settlement of the Eastern Alps in 600 AD. Gumpoldus de Valchenstein, the first ministerialis recorded in history, was a liensmen of Count Engelbert II of Gorizia, a Meinhardiner dynasty scion. The Lord of Falkenstein formed a close relationship with the Benedictine Millstatt Abbey, where the Counts of Gorizia also held the position of Vogt. About 1300, the Counts of Gorizia enfeoffed the two castles, Upper and Lower Falkenstein to various local nobility, which is when the Falkenstein dynasty went extinct. Albert III, the Habsburg ruler of Austria, received the upper castle in pawn from Count Henry VI on June 24, 1394. In 1460, Emperor Frederick III, nephew of Albert, eventually took control of it after defeating Count John II of Gorizia in a battle for the heirloom of the long-gone Counts of Celje. The Carinthian knight Andreas von Graben briefly possessed the lower castle before selling it in 1462. The foundations of a Romanesque palace and a Bergfried keep with surrounding moats are among the remnants of Oberfalkenstein. First recorded in 1246, this chapel honoring John the Baptist underwent a major Baroque expansion in 1772 and remains in use today. #History #Architecture #Castles

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