The Roman goddess Venus Genetrix, the founding goddess of the Julian gens,

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17-Nov-2025 04 am

The Roman goddess Venus Genetrix, the founding goddess of the Julian gens, is honored in the now ruined Temple of Venus Genetrix in Forum of Caesar of Rome. On September 26, 46 BCE, Julius Caesar dedicated it to the goddess. Construction on the forum and temple may have started as early as 54 BCE. Caesar dedicated the temple to Venus Victrix on the eve of the Battle of Pharsalus. In the end, he made the decision to dedicate the temple to Venus Genetrix, the mythical ancestress of the Julian line and the mother of Aeneas. On September 26, 46 BCE, the final day of the victory of Caesar, the Temple was dedicated. Octavian eventually finished the temple and forum. The fire in 80 CE caused devastation to the area. On May 12, 113 CE, Trajan renovated and rededicated the temple that Domitian had later rebuilt. After being destroyed once more in 283 CE, Diocletian repaired it. This subsequent reconstruction includes the three columns that are currently visible. Originally, the temple was situated against the saddle that connected the Quirinal Hill and the Capitoline Hill. The temple included eight columns on the facade and eight columns on each side. It was constructed of marble-faced brick. The temple had a vaulted ceiling. Statues of Julius Caesar and a statue of Venus Genetrix by Arcesilaus were among the objects placed inside the Temple. The Temple was previously filled with a contentious golden statue of Queen Cleopatra as the goddess Isis, six collections of engraved gems, a breastplate adorned with pearls from Britain, and numerous Greek paintings by Timomachus of Ajax and Medea. Corinthian order was used in the Temple-design. This included entablature, capitals, and sculpted mouldings. Dolphins, shells, and tridents were carved into one of the moldings, the cyma molding. These allude to the sea and Venus. The Temple had three fountain basins: one on each corner and one in front of the façade. #History #Architecture

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