Glanum was a prosperous ancient city that still boasts a stunning location

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27-May-2026 09 pm

Glanum was a prosperous ancient city that still boasts a stunning location beneath a gorge on the slopes of the Alpilles mountains. Initially a Celto-Ligurian oppidum, it grew under Greek influence before evolving into a Roman city. It is situated approximately one kilometre south of Saint-Rémy-de-Provence. Between fourth and second centuries BC, the Salyens, the predominant Celto-Ligurian tribe in Provence, constructed a stone rampart on the peaks encircling the valley of Notre-Dame-de-Laval and established an oppidum, or fortified settlement, around the spring in the valley, renowned for its healing properties. A shrine was erected at the spring in honor of Glanis, a Celtic deity. The town maintained a robust Celtic identity, with Glanis and his companions, the Glanicae, revered by the Celts as local gods. In 49 BC, following capture of Marseille by Julius Caesar and a period of devastating civil wars, the romanization of Provence and Glanum commenced. The Glanum Dam, a curved stone arch dam recognized as the oldest of its kind, along with a Roman aqueduct, were constructed in the first century BC to provide water for the town-fountains and public baths. In 27 BC, Emperor Augustus established the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis, granting Glanum the designation of oppidum latinum within this province. During the first century AD, the city developed a new forum and temples. However, in 260 AD, the town was invaded and destroyed by the Alamanni, leading to its abandonment, with its residents relocating a short distance north to establish a city that eventually became modern-day Saint-Rémy-de-Provence. Over time, Glanum served as a source of stone and other construction materials for Saint-Rémy. As the Roman drainage and sewer systems fell into disrepair, the ruins became inundated and buried under mud and sediment. The mausoleum and triumphal arch, collectively known as Les Antiques, gained fame and were visited by King Charles IX, who ordered the area to be cleaned and preserved. The initial organized excavations commenced in 1921. In 1982, new excavation and exploration efforts were initiated, primarily focused on the conservation of the site and investigating areas beneath previously discovered sites for older artifacts. #History #Architecture

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