Originating in Persia, the cataphract was a type of armoured heavy cavalry that was used in ancient combat across Northern Africa and Eurasia. In the past, the cataphract was a highly armoured horseman who usually carried a kontos as his main weapon. Both the rider and the steed were nearly entirely coated with scale Armor. For most empires and nations that fielded them, cataphracts were the elite cavalry force, mostly employed in charges to breach opposing infantry and heavy cavalry formations. Numerous historians have documented their exploits from the dawn of time until the High Middle Ages, and it is possible that their interactions with the Eastern Roman Empire had an impact on subsequent European knights. The Eastern campaigns in Anatolia by the Parthians and Sasanians, as well as multiple losses to Iranian cataphracts across the Eurasian steppes, most notably in the Battle of Carrhae, 53 BC, in upper Mesopotamia, appear to have prompted the trend of heavily armoured Roman cavalry in Europe. Roman equites corps consisted primarily of lightly armoured horsemen with spears and swords, who used light cavalry tactics to engage in skirmishing before and during battles, as well as pursuing retreating foes after a victory. Traditionally, Roman cavalry was neither decisively effective nor extensively armoured. The late 3rd and 4th century saw the Roman army begin to adopt cavalry formations resembling cataphracts.
This article also uses an image from the Wikipedia article – Cataphract -- [Wikipedia-Article-Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataphract ] [Image: Historical re-enactment of a Sasanian-era cataphract, in Oxford, complete with a full set of scale armour for the horse. The rider is covered by extensive mail armour. (Rider: Chris Winstanley, Mount: Uther); Wikipedia-Image-Author: John Tremelling]
[Wikipedia-Image-Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ancient_Sasanid_Cataphract_Uther_Oxford_2003_06_2(1).jpg ]
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