Falak-ol-Aflak, also known as The Sky of the Skies or Shapur Khast Castle, is a fortress that is located on top of the same-named, sizable hill in Khorramabad, the regional center of Lorestan province of Iran. This enormous building was constructed between 224-651 A.D., during the Sassanid Empire. The Khorramabad River passes by the eastern and south-western slopes of the Falak-ol-Aflak hill, offering the castle some natural protection on those sides. The residential areas of Khorramabad currently flank the western and northern sides of the hill. Among the most significant monuments erected during the Sassanid era is the castle of Falak-ol-Aflak. Since it was created more than 1800 years ago, it has gone by a variety of names. It has been known by several names, including Shapur-Khast or Sabr-Khast fortification, Dezbaz, Khoramabad castle, and finally Falak-ol-Aflak Castle. The foundations of the real castle are about 300 by 400 meters in size. The slope and the complete building are 40 meters tall, towering above the surroundings. Twelve towers on a two-tiered rampart were formerly built around the current structure, according to archeological findings. The enclosure of the rampart mostly extended westward. Only two of the twelve original towers still stand, and they are located to the northwest and southwest of the current castle. The dehumidifier method seems to have been used in the construction of Falak ol-Aflak Castle. Previously, researchers thought the almost one-meter-high dehumidifier canals that covered the whole region beneath the castle were hiding places for the inhabitants. The Sassanid engineers really installed a dehumidifier in the castle because they were aware of the shifting climate of the area and the presence of subsurface waters. The Falak ol-Aflak castle is composed of several materials, including wood and stone, which are susceptible to moisture. Because of this, the castle was erected on the highest point of the city in Khoram-abad so that the wind could enter the structure and dry its foundations
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Monuments and Architecture
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