The archaeological center of Khalchayan, also known as Khaltchaïan, is situated close to the contemporary town of Denov in the Surxondaryo Region of southern Uzbekistan. It is believed to be a tiny palace or a receiving hall. It is situated in the Surkhan Darya Valley, which is a northern tributary of the Oxus, or the contemporary Amu Darya. The earlier Kushans or their Yuezhi or Tocharian forebears are typically credited with building the site. Galina Pugachenkova dug it up between 1959 and 1963. The clay sculptures and paintings that adorn the inside walls are dated to the middle of the first century BCE, but they are believed to depict events from as early as the second century BCE. Battles, feasts, and monarch portraits are shown in a variety of panels. It is thought that the Kushans and a Saka tribe are fighting in some of the Khalchayan sculptures. The Sakas are frequently depicted with side-wiskers in more or less hideous poses, in contrast to the stately demeanour of the Yuezhis. The bust of a Parthian monarch was found among the sculptures at Khalchayan, and based on the historical period and similarity to coins, it is possible that Vardanes I is depicted as he seeks sanctuary and potentially an alliance at the Yuezhi court in Bactria. After failing at the siege of Seleucia in the year 35 CE, Vardanes reportedly sought refuge among the Bactrians. Due to these occurrences, the Khalchayan picture of the Parthian monarch may have been painted between 45 and 47 CE, during which time Kujula Kadphises was possibly the Kushan ruler in power at the time. The art of Kalchayan, which dates to the latter half of the 2nd century BCE, is thought to have been influenced by Hellenistic art in the end, as well as perhaps by that of the cities of Eucratideia and Nysa. However, it also shares characteristics with the later Art of Gandhara and could have even been the inspiration for its creation. The startling likeness between the portrait of the Kushan king Heraios and the Gandhara Bodhisattva is also noted
[Information Credit : Khalchayan, Wikipedia; Wikipedia-Link : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalchayan ]
[Image : Prince of Yuezhi of Khalchayan. The prized Saka cataphract armour with neck guard is lying at his feet. First millennium BCE. Uzbekistan Museum of Arts, nb 40. ]
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Old World
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