The original Bernicia and Deira kingdoms made up thE Northumbria of the Angels, which is today northern England and south-eastern Scotland. King Thelfrith brought the two kingdoms together for the first time in the year 604 A.D. , and with the exception of a few brief intervals of separation throughout the following century, they stayed so. The exceptions occur in the brief period between 633 and 634 A.D., when Northumbria was thrown into disorder by the death of King Edwin in battle and the destructive invasion of Cadwallon ap Cadfan from Gwynedd. After Cadwallon was killed in battle in 634 A.D., the Northumbrian kingdoms were once again united. Another example is the time when Deira was ruled by individual kings, roughly from 644 to 664 A.D. According to Bede, Œthelwald served as guide of the Mercian king Penda during his invasion of Northumbria but retreated his forces latter when the Mercians faced the Northumbrians at the Battle of Winwaed. In 651, King Oswiu got Oswine of Deira killed and had him substituted by Œthelwald, but Œthelwald did not prove to be much of a trustworthy vassal and allied himself with the then Mercian king. Alchfrith, the own son of Oswiu, succeeded Œthelwald as king following the Mercian loss at Winwaed. By the time Ælfwine, the brother of the heirless king Ecgfrith, was coronated as the ruler of Deira in 670 A.D. , the title might have been exclusively used to indicate an heir. The last independent king of Deira reigned from the time of Norse dominance until Ælfwine was murdered in combat with Mercia in 679. [Information and Image Credit :: List_of_monarchs_of_Northumbria, Wikipedia] [Image : Map of the British Isles claiming to be circa 802AD.] [The author died in 1934, so the work (Image) is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the life of Author plus 80 years or fewer. The work (Image) is in the public domain because it was published in the United States between 1927 and 1963, and although there may or may not have been a copyright notice, the copyright was not renewed. (Kindly Relate to Individual Source Image URLs for More Usage Properties)] [Source Image URL :: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:British_isles_802.jpg ]
Old World
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